Humanity Observatory

Estonia: inequality

Estonia's inequality figures from Eurostat, set against the other EU states. Every figure links to the table it was read from; where Eurostat publishes nothing for Estonia, the page says so.

At risk of poverty: Estonia is the joint 5th highest of the 27 EU member states (2025).

share below the national poverty line: 19.5%

Estonia against the EU

Each measure with the states ranked next to it. The latest year with a published figure is used.

Income inequality (Gini)

0 to 100, higher is more unequal

Estonia: 30.9 in 2025, against 29.2 for the EU as a whole — the joint 7th highest of the 27 EU states with a figure for 2025.

Income inequality (Gini): Estonia and the states ranked next to it, 2025
RankCountryFigure
6Italy31.0
joint 7Portugal30.9
joint 7Estonia30.9
9Spain30.8
10Luxembourg30.5
—European Union (27, from 2020) (reference, not ranked)29.2
  • Published from 2014 to 2025. Highest: 35.6 in 2014. Lowest: 30.5 in 2019.
  • Average of the latest published figures (2021–2025): 31.2*.
  • Above the EU figure in 12* of 12* years with a figure for both (2014–2025).

Top fifth earns this many times the bottom fifth

income quintile share ratio

Estonia: 5.07 in 2025, against 4.62 for the EU as a whole — the 7th highest of the 27 EU states with a figure for 2025.

Top fifth earns this many times the bottom fifth: Estonia and the states ranked next to it, 2025
RankCountryFigure
5Greece5.17
6Italy5.13
7Estonia5.07
8Portugal4.86
9Croatia4.78
—European Union (27, from 2020) (reference, not ranked)4.62
  • Published from 2004 to 2025. Highest: 7.20 in 2004. Lowest: 4.99 in 2008.
  • Average of the latest published figures (2021–2025): 5.18*.
  • Above the EU figure in 16* of 16* years with a figure for both (2010–2025).

At risk of poverty

share below the national poverty line

Estonia: 19.5% in 2025, the joint 5th highest of the 27 EU states with a figure for 2025.

At risk of poverty: Estonia and the states ranked next to it, 2025
RankCountryFigure
4Greece19.6%
joint 5Croatia19.5%
joint 5Estonia19.5%
joint 5Spain19.5%
8Italy18.6%
—European Union (27, from 2020) (reference, not ranked)no figure published
  • Published from 2000 to 2025. Highest: 22.8% in 2022. Lowest: 15.8% in 2010.
  • Average of the latest published figures (2021–2025): 21.1%*.

At risk of poverty or social exclusion

share of the population

Estonia: 21.8% in 2025, the 8th highest of the 27 EU states with a figure for 2025.

At risk of poverty or social exclusion: Estonia and the states ranked next to it, 2025
RankCountryFigure
6Latvia24.7%
7Italy22.6%
8Estonia21.8%
9Germany21.2%
10France20.8%
—European Union (27, from 2020) (reference, not ranked)no figure published
  • Published from 2015 to 2025. Highest: 25.2% in 2022. Lowest: 21.8% in 2025.
  • Average of the latest published figures (2021–2025): 23.1%*.

Keep reading

Modification notice and disclaimer

The counts on this page are published by Eurostat (Statistical Office of the European Union) and are reproduced unchanged. Humanity Observatory has additionally derived the following from them:

  • A country's rank among the 27 EU states for a measure, computed by sorting the published per-country figures.
  • The highest and lowest point of the country's own published annual series.
  • The average of the country's latest published annual figures (up to five years).
  • The number of years in which the country's figure was above the EU figure for the same year.

Source: Eurostat. Reuse terms.

* Calculated by Humanity Observatory from published figures.

Where these numbers come from →