On 1 January 2024, foreign citizens and stateless people made up 8.7%^* of the people living in Czechia, against 9.6%^* across the EU — the 16th highest share of the 27 EU states that publish it.

The largest single foreign citizenship among residents is Ukraine: 553,501 people on 1 January 2025.

In 2024, 123,910 people moved to Czechia and 88,379 left: a difference of 35,531^*, more arrivals than departures.

Citizens and foreigners

Residents of Czechia on 1 January 2024, by the citizenship they hold. Every line is a separate figure Eurostat publishes; the site adds none of them together.

Residents of Czechia by citizenship, 1 January 2024
Citizenship	People	Share of residents
All residents	10,900,555	—
Foreign citizens and stateless peopleOne group Eurostat publishes, shown beside the lines below	945,560	8.7%^*
Citizens of Czechia	9,954,995	91.3%^*
Citizens of other EU countries	189,495	1.7%^*
Citizens of countries outside the EU	755,833	6.9%^*
Stateless people	232	<0.01%^*
Citizenship not stated	0	0.00%^*

Against the other EU states

Foreign citizens and stateless people as a share of residents on 1 January 2024, for the states ranked next to Czechia. Only states that publish both figures that year are ranked.

Foreign-citizen share, Czechia and the states ranked next to it, 1 January 2024
Rank	Country	Foreign citizens and stateless people, share of residents
14	Italy	8.9%^*
15	France	8.8%^*
16	Czechia	8.7%^*
17	Netherlands	8.5%^*
18	Sweden	7.9%^*
—	European Union (27, from 2020) (reference, not ranked)	9.6%^*

Largest foreign citizenships

Residents of Czechia by individual citizenship on 1 January 2025, the ten largest of the 197 citizenships Eurostat publishes. This is the citizenship people hold, not where they were born and not their ethnicity.

Ten largest foreign citizenships among residents of Czechia, 1 January 2025
Rank	Citizenship	People	Share of residents
1	Ukraine	553,501	5.07%^*
2	Slovakia	114,648	1.05%^*
3	Viet Nam	57,451	0.53%^*
4	Russia	31,157	0.29%^*
5	Romania	16,060	0.15%^*
6	Poland	15,486	0.14%^*
7	Bulgaria	13,357	0.12%^*
8	Mongolia	11,619	0.11%^*
9	United States	10,701	0.10%^*
10	Philippines	10,666	0.10%^*

Country of birth

Residents of Czechia by where they were born, on 1 January 2025. This is a different question from citizenship: someone born abroad may hold Czechia's citizenship, and someone born in Czechia may not.

Residents of Czechia by country of birth, 1 January 2025
Country of birth	People	Share of residents
All residents	10,909,500	—
Born in Czechia	9,813,901	90.0%^*
Born in another country	1,095,599	10.0%^*
Born in another EU country	314,459	2.9%^*
Born outside the EU	781,140	7.2%^*
Country of birth not stated	0	0.00%^*

Arrivals and departures

People who moved to or left Czechia during each calendar year, as reported to Eurostat. Arrivals and departures are separate published figures; the difference is the site's subtraction of the two for the same year.

Arrivals, departures and their difference, Czechia, 2024 and earlier years
Year	Arrived	Left	Arrived minus left
2024	123,910	88,379	35,531^*
2023	142,149	53,639	88,510^*
2022	347,429	31,764	315,665^*
2021	69,360	18,630	50,730^*
2020	63,095	35,854	27,241^*
2019	105,888	77,798	28,090^*

By citizenship, 2024

Arrivals and departures by the citizenship of the person moving. Each line is a separate published figure; none is added to another.

Arrivals and departures by citizenship, Czechia, 2024
Citizenship	Arrived	Left
Citizens of Czechia	2,883	4,213
Citizens of other EU countries	12,950	3,975
Citizens of countries outside the EU	108,073	80,185
Stateless people	4	6
Citizenship not stated	0	0

How to read these figures

Citizenship is the legal bond between a person and a state. Country of birth is where a person was born. They are different facts and different tables, and neither records ethnicity, origin or descent.
Residents counted at 1 January are a stock; arrivals and departures are events during a calendar year. A flow is never a change in a stock, and the two are not divided by each other here.
Eurostat takes each country’s own statistics. Countries differ in who counts as an arrival or a resident, so comparisons between countries are approximate.

Cyprus, covered in full

Cyprus is the one country this site covers in full, down to its districts. Its immigration page is the deepest example of what a country page can hold.

Keep reading

Modification notice and disclaimer

The counts on this page are published by Eurostat (Statistical Office of the European Union) and are reproduced unchanged. Humanity Observatory has additionally derived the following from them:

A share of residents, computed by dividing one published count by another from the same table, country and date (for example foreign citizens by all residents).
A country's rank among the EU states for its foreign-citizen share, computed by sorting the published figures of the states that publish both counts for the year.
The difference between published immigration and published emigration for the same country and year (arrivals minus departures). It is a subtraction of two published figures, not a net-migration figure published by Eurostat.
The ten largest individual citizenships, selected by sorting the published figures for the latest year in which most countries are published.

Source: Eurostat. Reuse terms.

^* Calculated by Humanity Observatory from published figures.

Where these numbers come from → Compare the foreign-citizen share across countries →