Humanity Observatory

Luxembourg: inequality

Luxembourg's inequality figures from Eurostat, set against the other EU states. Every figure links to the table it was read from; where Eurostat publishes nothing for Luxembourg, the page says so.

Income inequality (Gini): Luxembourg is the 10th highest of the 27 EU member states (2025).

0 to 100, higher is more unequal: 30.5 for Luxembourg, against 29.2 for the EU as a whole.

Luxembourg against the EU

Each measure with the states ranked next to it. The latest year with a published figure is used.

Income inequality (Gini)

0 to 100, higher is more unequal

Luxembourg: 30.5 in 2025, against 29.2 for the EU as a whole — the 10th highest of the 27 EU states with a figure for 2025.

Income inequality (Gini): Luxembourg and the states ranked next to it, 2025
RankCountryFigure
joint 7Estonia30.9
9Spain30.8
10Luxembourg30.5
11France30.4
12Germany30.1
—European Union (27, from 2020) (reference, not ranked)29.2
  • Published from 2014 to 2025. Highest: 32.3 in 2019. Lowest: 28.5 in 2015.
  • Average of the latest published figures (2021–2025): 30.0*.
  • Above the EU figure in 6* of 12* years with a figure for both (2014–2025).

Top fifth earns this many times the bottom fifth

income quintile share ratio

Luxembourg: 4.60 in 2025, against 4.62 for the EU as a whole — the joint 13th highest of the 27 EU states with a figure for 2025.

Top fifth earns this many times the bottom fifth: Luxembourg and the states ranked next to it, 2025
RankCountryFigure
joint 11Germany4.68
joint 13Cyprus4.60
joint 13Luxembourg4.60
15Sweden4.58
16Malta4.49
—European Union (27, from 2020) (reference, not ranked)4.62

Ranks compare the 27 EU member states. Eurostat’s figure for Cyprus covers the government-controlled area only.

  • Published from 2003 to 2025. Highest: 5.34 in 2019. Lowest: 3.87 in 2005.
  • Average of the latest published figures (2021–2025): 4.63*.
  • Above the EU figure in 5* of 16* years with a figure for both (2010–2025).

At risk of poverty

share below the national poverty line

Luxembourg: 14.8% in 2025, the 17th highest of the 27 EU states with a figure for 2025.

At risk of poverty: Luxembourg and the states ranked next to it, 2025
RankCountryFigure
15Portugal15.4%
16Cyprus14.9%
17Luxembourg14.8%
18Slovenia14.3%
19Hungary14.0%
—European Union (27, from 2020) (reference, not ranked)no figure published

Ranks compare the 27 EU member states. Eurostat’s figure for Cyprus covers the government-controlled area only.

  • Published from 1995 to 2025. Highest: 18.8% in 2023. Lowest: 11.0% in 1996.
  • Average of the latest published figures (2021–2025): 17.4%*.

At risk of poverty or social exclusion

share of the population

Luxembourg: 18.2% in 2025, the 18th highest of the 27 EU states with a figure for 2025.

At risk of poverty or social exclusion: Luxembourg and the states ranked next to it, 2025
RankCountryFigure
joint 15Portugal18.6%
joint 15Sweden18.6%
18Luxembourg18.2%
19Denmark17.9%
20Finland17.2%
—European Union (27, from 2020) (reference, not ranked)no figure published
  • Published from 2015 to 2025. Highest: 21.4% in 2023. Lowest: 18.2% in 2025.
  • Average of the latest published figures (2021–2025): 20.0%*.

Keep reading

Modification notice and disclaimer

The counts on this page are published by Eurostat (Statistical Office of the European Union) and are reproduced unchanged. Humanity Observatory has additionally derived the following from them:

  • A country's rank among the 27 EU states for a measure, computed by sorting the published per-country figures.
  • The highest and lowest point of the country's own published annual series.
  • The average of the country's latest published annual figures (up to five years).
  • The number of years in which the country's figure was above the EU figure for the same year.

Source: Eurostat. Reuse terms.

* Calculated by Humanity Observatory from published figures.

Where these numbers come from →